Premiered on Good Friday, April 11, 1727 in Leipzig, directed by the composer. 6 Buß und Reu, an aria for alto, concludes the scene at Bethany. "The disciples prepare the Passover meal", 8. In 1707 he married a second cousin, Maria Barbara, and had seven children. Strings are violin (Vn), solo violin (Vs), viola (Va), lute (Lt), and viola da gamba (Vg). They are sung to recitative (music in speech rhythm) by a tenor soloist who is known as the evangelist (Matthew was an “evangelist” because he preached the message of Jesus). Composed in 1727 for performance at the service of Good Friday vespers in St Thomas’s, the St Matthew Passion was written to exploit fully the acoustic possibilities of the building, which had two organs, in two organ galleries, directly opposite each other on either side of the nave at a distance of about 80 feet and a height of about 60 feet. Both use lettered subsections in some cases. The original Latin title Passio Domini nostri J.C. secundum Evangelistam Matthæum translates to "The Passion of o… https://www.classicfm.com/composers/bach/guides/bachs-passion-music-guide The choirs are abbreviated Ch I and Ch II, individual voice parts as S (soprano), A (alto), T (tenor), and B (bass). The Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis (BWV, Bach Works Catalog) divides the work into 78 numbers (vocal movements), while the Neue Bach-Ausgabe (NBA, New Bach Edition) divides the piece into 68 movements. The speech of other persons, called soliloquents, is also set as secco recitative. The arias often have an introductory movement called “arioso” which in musical style is something between a recitative and an aria. J.S. Orchestra I plays with Choir I and Orchestra II plays with Choir II. These represent one person from the crowd. It challenges, questions, comforts, and contains some of the most exquisitely crafted music ever written. It is widely regarded as one of the greatest masterpieces of classical sacred music. St Matthew Passion. Even Bach knew he had written something very special with his St Matthew Passion, referring to it as his favourite. It sets chapters 26 and 27 of the Gospel of Matthew (in Luther's German translation) to music, with chorales and arias. Johann Sebastian Bach wrote his St. Matthew Passion for a … There are also several chorales which are sung by the whole choir. The St Matthew Passion (Matthäus-Passion) BWV 244, was written in 1727 for solo voices, double choir (SSAATTBB) and double orchestra, with libretto by Picander (Christian Friedrich Henrici). However, Bach’s St Matthew Passion is thought by many musicians to be the greatest choral work ever written. They are different in character. Bach's St. Matthew Passion is rich in depth and spirituality, as relevant today as when it was first performed at Good Friday Vespers at the Thomaskirche in Leipzig in the late 1720s. The St Matthew Passion is more gentle and thoughtful, although it also has some dramatic moments. Bach used the hymns in different ways, most are four-part setting, two are the cantus firmus of the two chorale fantasias framing Part I, one as a commenting element in a tenor recitative. Bach's vivid account of Christ's Passion combines striking drama with devotion like no other. The “St. Bach's St. Matthew Passion, written in 1727, is the most famous work in this tradition. He began earning his own living at fifteen as a chorister and violinist in a court orchestra, and later became a church organist. Other German Passions adopted a style called motet Passion because the entire text is set polyphonically, as in a motet. Despite their length, they are among Bach's most popular works. The instruments in the orchestra are string instruments (violins, violas, cellos and double basses), organs (one for each choir), two flutes, two oboes and bassoon. Some of these movements, such as the opening one, are quite long, others are very short indeed. The choir, divided into two sections (“double choir”), sing some movements in which they represent the crowd of people in the story. Sometimes a boys’ choir is used for this. Both the choir and the orchestra are divided into two sections: Chorus 1 and Chorus 2, Orchestra 1 and Orchestra 2. The arias are accompanied by the orchestra, often with one instrument playing an important solo. Scenes can be opened and closed by arias: No. Even Bach’s music in general was forgotten by most people. The LP comes wit… "Soldiers crown Jesus with thorns, mocking him", 14. Christian Friedrich Henrici (Picander), who collaborated with Bach, wrote text for recitatives and arias, and for the large scale choral movements that open and close the Passion. Sind Blitze, sind Donner in Wolken verschwunden? Bach did not number the sections of the St Matthew Passion but twentieth-century scholars have done so. Woodwinds are recorders, flauto traverso (transverse flute) (Ft), oboe (Ob), oboe d'amore (Oa), and oboe da caccia (Oc). Bach probably took the lead in the collaboration with his librettist, Picander, involving the 1727 creation of the St. Matthew Passion, BWV 244. The Bible story is told by the Evangelist (Ev) in secco recitative, and by the characters that have direct speech in the narrative. Herzliebster Jesu, was hast du verbrochen, Without text (played by organ only) in older versions of the Passion, Und da sie den Lobgesang gesprochen hatten, O Schmerz! So, as well as Jesus, there are small parts for Judas, Peter, two high priests, Pontius Pilate, Pilate's wife, two witnesses and two ancillae (maids). The vocal score contains all voice parts and a piano accompaniment. The St. Matthew's Passion (Matthäus-Passion), BWV 244 is a sacred oratorio by J.S. The St. John, and especially the St. Matthew Passion, have been performed and recorded innumerable times. St Matthew Passion is similar to these topics: St John Passion, St John Passion structure, Weimarer Passion and more. Between the sections of recitatives there are arias, each of which is sung by one of the four soloists: a soprano, an alto, a tenor and a bass. Template:About Template:Italic title The St Matthew Passion (Script error: No such module "lang". It was probably first performed on Good Friday(11 April) 1727 in the Thomaskirchein Leipzig, where Bach was Kapellmeister. The last column shows the incipit, the first measures of each movement with text. The Lutheran composer Johann Walther created a setting of the Passion according to St. Matthew (c. 1550) that was still popular in 1806. During some of the choral movements there are very small sections for a solo voice. Sir John’s approach to the work is as celebrated as his first-class soloists, his great Monteverdi Choir and the splendid English Baroque Soloists. Later a tradition developed of letting it be sung by a choir. The St John Passion is very dramatic, enjoying the drama of the story. These small parts can be sung by different soloists, but in some performances one soloist (possibly one who is also singing the arias) may take several of these parts. In 1829 the composer Felix Mendelssohn discovered the music of the St Matthew Passion and decided to perform a short version of it in Berlin. The original version of the work was first performed in 1727 on Good Friday in St. Thomas’s Church in Leipzig. ), BWV244, is a Passion, a sacred oratorio written by Johann Sebastian Bach in 1727 for solo voices, double choir and double orchestra, with libretto by Picander (Christian Friedrich Henrici). Three of the texts Bach used for chorale settings are written by Paul Gerhardt. 61a where Jesus utters his last words "Eli, Eli, lama, lama asabthani" [sic] in recitative secco (see facsimile image on the right). In the latter case the ending of the scene would usually be on a turba chorus, such as Wahrlich, dieser ist Gottes Sohn gewesen ending the scene where Jesus dies at the cross. Both choirs are four-part, SATB. The St Matthew Passion (German: Matthäus-Passion), BWV 244, is a Passion, a sacred oratorio written by Johann Sebastian Bach in 1727 for solo voices, double choir and double orchestra, with libretto by Picander. These are like hymn tunes. In some of these movements there is a vocal soloist, and the choir are commenting on what the soloist is singing about. St. Matthew Passion was written for solo voices, ripieno choir, 2 SATB choirs and 2 orchestras. Movement 63b, Wahrlich, dieser ist Gottes Sohn gewesen (Truly, this man was God's own Son most truly), is treated the same way. The closing chorus is in da capo form for two choirs. "The chief priests seek to destroy Jesus", 2. The St. Matthew Passion (German: Matthäuspassion) is a musical composition written by Johann Sebastian Bach. Matthew Passion,” written in the 1720s by Johannes Sebastian Bach, is one of the great touchstones of classical music, yet it is performed quite rarely. The work is for a choir, solo voices and orchestra. The new pressing from original sources is on 180gm vinyl and, to enhance audio quality, no side exceeds 30 minutes. nun ist mein Jesus hin!. Several movements use a combination of forms, such as an aria with chorale, a chorale fantasia, a chorus with a chorale as a cantus firmus. Contemporary poetry in Picander's libretto and chorales comment on the Bible text and open and close most scenes of the narration.[1][2][3]. “St Matthew Passion” is J. S. Bach’s largest-scale setting of the “Passion of Christ” written for performance at Vespers on Good Friday. Bach, written in 1727 for solo voices, double choir and double orchestra, with libretto by picander. Even though choral music is a major specialty for the Atlanta Symphony Orchestra , it had … From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=St_Matthew_Passion&oldid=7238743, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. The revised version that we know today was first performed in 1736. It immediately became extremely popular with the public and from then on Bach has always remained recognized as one of the greatest of all composers. The orchestra consists of woodwinds, strings, and basso continuo (Bc). The words are from the Bible and by the poet Picander. "Descent from the Cross; Christ's burial", 16. These are delivered largely by the Evangelist – a musical personification of Matthew himself – and by Christ. Bach: St. Matthew Passion, BWV 244 / Part Two - No. Johann Sebastian Bach is widely regarded the greatest musical genius of all time. The St. Matthew Passion (German: Matthäuspassion) is a musical composition written by Johann Sebastian words tell the story of Jesus’s death on the cross as told in chapters 26 and 27 of the Book of St Matthew in the work is for a choir, solo voices and orchestra. New scenes begin with Gospel text sung by the Evangelist, except the first scene of each of the two parts of the composition. Share. The text is taken from three sources: the biblical texts, contemporary poetry by Picander and chorales. Topics similar to or like St Matthew Passion. The words from the Bible are used to tell the basic story. Most chorales are four-part settings. He made some changes to it by 1736 and performed it again on 30 March 1736. Chorales were performed by both groups combined,[citation needed] with each voice type in unison. Continuo are violoncello, double bass, bassoon, and organ. The oldest chorale chosen for the Passion dates from 1525. "Chief priests demand the tomb be sealed", solo: soprano, alto, tenor, bass, soliloquents, This page was last edited on 8 May 2020, at 23:52. Passion, a sacred oratorio written by Johann Sebastian Bach in 1727 for solo voices, double choir and double orchestra, with libretto by Picander. It is composed in two parts, that were to be performed before and after the sermon of that service. Hier zittert das gequälte Herz, Der Heiland fällt vor seinem Vater nieder. "Peter's denial of Christ, and his remorse", 12. The speech of Jesus sings in accompagnato recitative, except at the beginning of No. Two other very great choral works by Bach are his St John Passion and Mass in B minor . Column 1 of the table is the movement number in the Neue Bach-Ausgabe; column 2 is this number in the Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis. Bach’s St Matthew Passion takes nearly 3 ½ hours if it is performed without any cuts. The text contains the verses of the Passion story (the whole of chapters 26 and 27 of St Matthew’s Gospel) as translated by Martin Luther himself. The speech of groups such as the disciples and the crowd, are expressed in turba choruses. There were other composers who also wrote works called St Matthew Passion, the most famous being Heinrich Schütz. The evangelist is accompanied by the continuo (an organ and a cello, double bass or bassoon). The Music of the St Matthew Passion. As with many of his sacred vocal works, Bach collaborated with theology faculty at the University of Leipzig to produce his sacred texts (the bulk of the St. Matthew Passion’s poetic text was written by the theologian-poet, Christian Friedrich Henrici, known popularly as Picander). Bach came from a family of prominent musicians. Written in 1727, the St. Matthew Passion represents a large-scale intersection of composition and Lutheran theology. Master of St. Matthew Passion It is an oratorio written by Bach for orchestra, choir and solo voices. 1: No. "Jesus is anointed with precious ointment", 4. It is divided into two parts. [3] Whatever the chosen scene division (none of them indicated by the composer in the score), scenes end on an aria, a chorus, or in the midst of a Gospel text section. Johann Sebastian Bach's St. Matthew Passion was first heard on Good Friday, 1727 in Leipzig, Germany. During the Baroque period the Passion oratorio developed. During the Baroque period the Passion oratorio developed. The words of the arioso and arias comment on what is happening in the story and describe what is going on in the people’s minds. It is a setting of chapters 26 and 27 of St. Matthew's Gospel in the German translation of Martin Luther with interspersed chorales and arias. The words tell the story of Jesus’s death on the cross as told in chapters 26 and 27 of the Book of St Matthew in the Bible. 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