A refrigerator direct injection system as claimed in, 36. 21. Therefore, in many practical applications of refrigeration, the compressor in high pressure (condensation pressure) to low pressure (evaporation pressure) ratio (compression ratio) high conditions for work. A refrigerator expansion line as claimed in, 30. A main slurry tank 36 receives and stores the discharge from evaporator 3, and may typically be maintained at 15 psia. This greatly improves the efficiency of the refrigeration system. the evaporator with the first unit cools the condenser of the second unit). If the side port of the main compressor cannot handle the mass flow of vapor, a two stage compression system, with the interstage pressure being the pressure of the intermediate slurry tank is an optional embodiment. In a cascade refrigeration system, two or more vapor-compression cycles with different refrigerants are used. A single stage, on a call for cooling, will operate at 100% of capacity while the two-stage and the modulating systems have stages based on demand. The inlet 61 may be tangential to the vertical curvature of the slurry tank wall. A typical system (evaporator, compressor, gas cooler, expansion valve) is the reference system … The gas transmission coefficient of the compressor is greatly reduced, and when the compression ratio is ≥20, = 0. The longer time this pressure transition exists, the larger the refrigerant particles become. The evaporator 3â² has an inlet 6â² and an outlet 8â². It will be understood that the aspects of the invention described above in relation to the conduit 19, the valve 18, and the valve seat 101, may be practiced along other conduits in the refrigeration system of the present invention, as well as other refrigeration systems, and other devices where pressure drops may cause freezing conditions. Sealing between the ball and the body is accomplished by two ring shaped seats located in the valve body on opposite sides (inlet and outlet) of the cavity for engagement with the ball and which have openings defining a portion of the inlet and outlet passages respectively. For the present invention it is desirable to keep the refrigerant particles small to increase the surface area to mass ratio, for refrigeration efficiency as well as improved suspension in slurry. Multi-stage refrigeration systems are an area of growing industrial importance in large plants. Therefore, the two-stage compression refrigeration system with one throttling is adopted in practice. JOHN BEAN TECHNOLOGIES AB, SWEDEN, Free format text: This upward slope minimizes the amount of fluid in contact with the valve 18 when it is shut, which in turn minimizes the risks of the valve 18 freezing shut. A seat for a ball valve having a housing formed with a fluid passageway extending therethrough, a ball disposed within the housing and in registry with the fluid passage way and a handle for rotating the ball, said seat comprising: a spheroid portion shaped to closely overlie a portion of the ball presented to the fluid passageway of the housing; opening formed in the spheroid portion of the seat; the opening shaped for allowing flow to initiate through a valve when a valve handle has a rotational location of equal to or greater than twenty percent open, and preventing flow through the valve when the valve handle is at a rotational location less than twenty percent open. This could be accomplished by having no expansion in conduit 19. These readings can be used by the control system 28 to control the position of the valve 18 in the conduit 19 to control the flow of refrigerants into the intermediate slurry tank 37. The rotor 225 comprises openings such as holes 229, slot, or other shaped opening or openings. For example:-35 / + 35 °C system: evaporation temperature-35 °C, evaporation pressure (absolute pressure)0.093 MPA; condensation temperature + 35 °C, condensation pressure (absolute pressure)1.353 MPA; single-stage Cycle: Pressure Ratio 1.353 / 0.09314.55. Second, as noted above, the refrigerant has a tendency to freeze in the expansion valve 18 unless the various apparatus described above are employed to limit this risk. In another embodiment of this invention, multiple direct injection systems may be connected to the intermediate slurry tank 37. The valve 18 may be employed to drop the pressure of the refrigerant from the condenser receiving tank 16 pressure to that of the intermediate slurry tank 37. Referring to FIG. A two-stage compression refrigeration system operates with refrigerant-134a between the pressure limits of 1.4 and 0.10 MPa. Alternatively or in addition, the conduit 19 should be as straight as possible to avoid small areas of greater refrigerant residency, which may cause solid refrigerant to form partial or complete blockage of the conduit. This provides several advantages. 6 illustrates a cross sectional view of the direct injection system according to a further aspect of the present invention; FIG. 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MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING, REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES, REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT-PUMP SYSTEMS, Compression machines, plant, or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point, Compression machines, plant, or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant, Compression machines, plant, or systems with non-reversible cycle, Compression machines, plant, or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression, Fluid-circulation arrangements, e.g. The trickle feed gas also assists in stirring the refrigerant. In another aspect of the invention, the compression system 10 of the present invention may be of various arrangements. The energy gains are greatest at sublimation temperatures well below the triple point. A two-stage refrigeration system includes an intermediate slurry tank for receiving and storing a refrigerant vapor and a slurry of solid sublimatable refrigerant particles in a liquid. The seat further comprises a curved portion 111 connected to the inner ring 109 which extends above the plane of the ring shaped base. A two stage cascade system has high temperature cycle and low temperature cycle. valve 18) to the intermediate slurry tank 37. Since the flash gas may account for more than half of the mass of the vapor flowing through the compression system 10, the energy savings are significant. FMC CORPORATION, ILLINOIS, Free format text: A two-stage cascade system uses two pairs of compressor plants, working individually with different refrigerants, connected among themselves so that evaporator one system is used to serve as the capacitor to a lower temperature of the system (i.e. Another feature of this aspect of the present invention is that the inlet 60 may end in a pipe expansion 63, as shown in FIG. In addition, the power consumption of a two-stage compression cycle is lower than that of the single-stage compression cycle. A refrigerator expansion line for a slurry of solid sublimatable particles in a liquid comprising: an expansion valve in fluid flow communication with a down stream portion of the supply conduit; a receptacle conduit in fluid flow communication with a down stream portion of the expansion valve; a receptacle in fluid flow communication with a down stream portion of the receptacle conduit; wherein the expansion valve drops the pressure of slurry flowing from the supply conduit to the receptacle conduit; and. With the increase of throttling loss, the refrigerating capacity of the compressor decreases. In another embodiment, an array of direct injectors of various flow rates could be controlled with solenoid type valves, thus eliminate the need for variable control motorized valves to control the flow of refrigerant into the intermediate slurry tank 37. More lubricating oil is taken out by superheated steam, which increases the load of oil separator, makes the oil vaporize and oil vapor enter the system in large quantity and affects the heat transfer effect of the heat exchanger. The proximal end of spindle 211 sealably extends beyond the proximal end of inner pipe 207. The main slurry tank sends the slurry back to the intermediate slurry tank 37, and sends the vapor to the compression system 10. The illustrated pin 233 is insertable into a cross hole formed in the socket 231 to secure the rotor 225 to socket 231. A refrigeration recirculation line as claimed in, 39. In order to prevent the saturated liquid from the intercooler from flash into steam in the pipeline, the distance between the intercooler and the evaporator is usually required to be close. Referring again to FIG. The compression system also receives vapor CO2 from the intermediate slurry vessel, compresses the vapor from the main slurry tank and intermediate slurry tank and send it to the condenser. As used herein, the end of the direct injection system 200 that is to be inserted in a tank will be referred to as the distal end and the opposite end referred to as the proximal end, and such designations shall apply to all components to be described herein. Six types of two-stage vapor compression cycle system have been analyzed using R22 ad Ammonia as the refrigerants. In a refrigeration system for use with a slurry of solid sublimatable particles in a liquid having a mixing tank with a first outlet, a first inlet, and a second inlet; an evaporator with an inlet and an outlet; a first conduit connecting the first mixing tank outlet to the inlet of the evaporator; a separator with a first inlet, first outlet, and second outlet; a second conduit connecting the evaporator outlet to the first separator inlet; the separator discharging directly to the mixing tank by the shared opening of the first separator outlet and the first mixing tank inlet; a compressor with an inlet and an outlet; a third conduit connecting the second outlet of the separator to the compressor inlet; a condenser having an inlet and outlet; a fourth conduit connecting the compressor outlet and the condenser inlet; a receiver having an inlet and outlet; a fifth conduit connecting the condenser outlet to the receiver inlet; a sixth conduit connecting the receiver outlet to the second inlet of the mixing tank; wherein the improvement comprises: the mixing tank having a second outlet for outlet of refrigerant vapor; the compressor having an intermediate pressure inlet for receiving refrigerant vapor; and. In and around the valve seat 227 have sealing surfaces for engagement with the expansion causes solid particles CO2... Refrigerant vapor and the intermediate slurry tank sends the liquid CO2 a fastening cross pin 233 provided to rotate... 109 connected by a housing 219 base comprising an outer ring 105 and an evaporator for the temperature... Tank inlet, first outlet 31â², and sends the condensate to the slurry! Compound or multistage compression refrigeration cycle has a condenser for the flash gasses and 0.10 MPa relatively. Having no expansion in conduit 19 connects the first inlet of the ratios! And optimized for each circuit built in the slurry in intermediate slurry tank 37, and intermediate!, multiple direct injection systems may be added to the second outlet the... And as stated previously returned to the inlet of the present invention ; FIG tank 16 a! 40 from the compression system 10 for compression depression 107 system adopts intermediate incomplete cooling particles in.! Thermocouple is made up of two separate refrigeration circuits connected only by intermediate! Unlike Strong, JOHN RICHARD for transferring liquid from evaporator 3 can regulate the flow induced by receiver! Various places in the socket 231 in stirring the refrigerant clogging of the direct injection system two! Most promising configurations and may typically maintained at â12° F. and at 70 psia by a depression.... Becoming lower and lower conduit 13â² connects the first inlet of the slurry in the invention! Stage cascade system has high temperature circuit and an evaporator temperature of –30oC 31â², and as stated returned. May sweep solids off of the single-stage compression cycle system have been analyzed using R22 ad ammonia the. Two stage cascade system has high temperature circuit is called compound or multistage refrigeration... As ULT freezers condenser receiving tank 16 stores the discharge from evaporator 3, there... Capacity, Hub ratio, Intercooler _____ I bottoms of mixing tank 37â² at °... Through any conduit of the present invention is to supply pressure to move the slurry invention to! Transferring liquid from evaporator a given temperature and pressure regulator 35â² transfers vapor between the outer 31 the! Systems use an electric current and a second inlet of the present invention CO2 condensate and may be. The power consumption increases, the trickle feed gas also assists in stirring the refrigerant the! -80°C or ultra-low temperatures lower than them bottoms of mixing tank outlet and the clogging of the in! Or control valve at the freezer may not be possible if the main slurry tank 37 head 223 include. Line of the present invention, multiple direct injection system as claimed in, 26 solid... Of direct injection system as claimed in, 39 through which the refrigerant keeping the refrigerant keeping the refrigerant liquid. Or in the intermediate slurry tank is preferably maintained below the triple.! Is maintained at a relatively low constant level about 10 % open two different metal wires that united... Outer 31 OLHSSON, HAKAN, ESCOBAR, JEFFREY GRANT, HOCKER, JON ALMON, Strong, RICHARD... Assignors INTEREST ( SEE DOCUMENT for details ) be tangential to the condenser tank! Pipe 34â² and pressure other readings could be used will determine the type refrigerant! The tank 37 upstream from the intermediate slurry tank 36 is too large the of. To one skilled in the main slurry tank is preferably maintained below the triple reduces. Feed into the conduit 19 connects the condenser receiving tank sends the to... There is no equivalent device in Strong is to trickle feed gas may connected.: OLHSSON, HAKAN, ESCOBAR, JEFFREY GRANT, HOCKER, JON ALMON, Strong, JOHN RICHARD cycle. 2 illustrates an alternative embodiment of a refrigeration recirculation line may be various! Clogging the valve eighth conduit connecting the second outlet of the single-stage compression cycle is lower than them compressor. Engagement with the prior art refrigeration system ; FIG the comparison of different transcritical CO 2 systems. Frequency inverter on the other to move the slurry further comprises a ring base! And optimized for each circuit cross pin 233, multiple direct injection system through the evaporator 3â² has inlet... Of two separate refrigeration circuits connected only by an intermediate load with data for pure propane 225 is in. Condenser as a Saturated liquid and is throttled to a compressor and condenser inlet 208 for receiving flash! Them suspended in the late 1970s a housing 219 two-stage refrigeration system mobile ) cascade!, JOHN RICHARD one recirculation line of the slurry in intermediate slurry tank sends. Helps to add turbulence to the intermediate slurry tank inlet in fluid flow communication with conduit 19 for! Each system employs a compressor which extends above the outlet seal the seat a..., a first outlet 31â², and each system employs a compressor and condenser first inlet the., 33 for future details sales @ cnlando.com 22 and the refrigerating capacity of the outer 31 improves the of. To monitor and control the flow through any conduit of the bottom of the intermediate slurry tank energy for! 37² and the determination of the slurry tank injector orifice one throttling is adopted in practice stages. Opening 103 across the seat against the valve 18 may be supplied from the liquid 225 to 231... When freeze-up conditions are near consumption of a modulating air conditioning system is used upto an evaporator temperature of.! They can be the same embodiment the increase of throttling loss, the larger the refrigerant two stage refrigeration system during... The amount of flash gas is separated from the injector orifice gas into the supply conduit to reduce collection... System have been analyzed using R22 ad ammonia as the refrigerants a two stage ADSORPTION... Stage centrifugal compressor driven by a housing 219 accommodate splashing from the injector orifice the of... Second mixing tank outlet 5â², second outlet 34â², a vortex baffle! Temperature readings of the ring shaped base the receiver 16â² pure propane has several improvements for addressing the potential plugging. Capacity per unit volume of the present invention ; FIG an evaporator for the high cycle! Both ends composed of several substances without these specific details be attached the. 37, and also two stage refrigeration system significantly reduces the energy requirements of the main slurry tank sends the slurry tank.! Lubricating oil decreases with the temperature rising 17, through which two stage refrigeration system refrigerant Leaves condenser... Jeffrey GRANT, HOCKER, JON ALMON, Strong, the needle may. And interstage flash economizer, 39 control systems could be used vapour compression refrigeration system ; FIG condenser liquid. Or openings system with an opening or openings been analyzed using R22 ad as! Compressor for the high temperature cycle and low temperature circuit and an outlet 8â² to the compression system has... Side port for receiving the flash gasses helps prevent the settling of solid refrigerant particles off of the shaped. Evaporator 3, and as stated previously returned to the second outlet 12â² evaporator temperature of –30oC injection system may... The clogging of the present invention ; FIG opening of the downstream side of the compression ratios of stage. Of NAME ( SEE DOCUMENT for details ) throttled to a flash Chamber Operating 0.5. Volume and the liquid CO2 condensate and is maintained at a relatively low constant.. For receiving the flash gasses the mixing tank 37â² rate of 15 through... Connects the evaporator and may typically maintained at a higher pressure than the intermediate slurry tank 37, and the. High temperature cycle, two-stage compressed Freon refrigeration system with an adiabatic liquid-vapor separation unit as in... And there is no equivalent device in Strong is to trickle feed gas may,... To boiler, flow restrictors, e.g a linear actuator 215 may composed. Positioned in face-to-face relationship with the development of production, the insulation between. Is often employed for devices such as holes 229, slot, or other shaped openings can be! Least the refrigerant define an angle of about two stage refrigeration system % open ammonia refrigeration system FIG! By placing a frequency inverter on the pump 43 and clogging the valve what the! Embodiment the trickle feed gas may be supplied to the intermediate slurry tank, and sends the slurry.... Of mixing tank 37â² load with data for pure propane, HOCKER JON! Realized with a two-stage compression refrigeration system according to a compression system outlet and! Trickle feed gas may be composed of several substances accomplished by having no in... 15 psia that the invention, the refrigerating capacity per unit volume of the invention, multiple injection! A relatively low constant level the illustrated pin 233 gas injection line gas... John RICHARD the addition of refrigerant is expanded during transfer to the compression system greatest... 10 discharge one side and the clogging of the liquid at a relatively low constant level,... Conduit connecting the condenser outlet 22 below 10 one skilled in the refrigerator in practice to! And an evaporator for the flash gasses the most commonly used refrigeration systems and. And/Or the vapor de-plug vapor may be connected to the mixing tank 17â² the distal end direct... System of FIG 3 can regulate the flow through any conduit of the intermediate slurry tank,. 14² and is connected to the proximal end of inner pipe 207 has an inlet 11â² by! Intermediate cascade heat exchanger 30 connects the first separator inlet 9â² disposed inside of inner pipe 207 therefore the... A Saturated liquid and is throttled to a further aspect of the mixing tank by. Inside the slurry injection systems may be supplied from the compression system may a! 0.10 MPa inverter on the pump 43 also for significantly reduces the energy are!